Housing Sector Damage and Recovery Report — Ukraine 2022–2035

The housing sector remains the most damaged part of Ukraine’s economy. RDNA4 estimates that 13 % of total housing stock—over 2.5 million households—has been destroyed or damaged. Despite ongoing reconstruction, progress lags behind the growing needs.

[Kharkivian] / [Wikimedia Commons] / CC BY-SA 4.0

Key Findings:

≈ 13 % of housing stock damaged or destroyed (≈ 2.5 million households).
Direct damage: ≈ $57.6 billion (as of Dec 31, 2024), +3 % vs RDNA-3.
Most affected type: Multifamily buildings (MFBs) — 85 % of damaged units and 79 % of total costs (+451,988 units vs RDNA-3).
Regional concentration: 76 % of damage in four oblasts: Donetska (37 %), Kharkivska (22 %), Luhanska (9 %), Kyivska (8 %)
Economic losses: ≈ $21.1 billion, including:
- $13.7 billion in rental losses.
- $5.7 billion for demolition and debris removal.
Recovery needs: ≈ $83.7 billion (2025–2035) — highest among all sectors.
Progress to date: ≈ $5 billionin repairs completed:
- 6,736 multifamily buildings (MFBs).
- 46,887 single-family houses (SFHs).
- ≈ 300,000 units with minor damage repaired.
Return factor: 45 % of refugees cite housing access as key to return decisions.

Conclusion:

The long-term repair and reconstruction of Ukraine’s housing sector will require approximately US$75.5 billion under the Build Back Better (BBB) approach, focusing on resilience, efficiency, and affordability. A National Housing Strategy and social housing law are essential to ensure safe homes for displaced and vulnerable populations.

Source: RDNA 4 (World Bank, the Government of Ukraine, the European Union, the United Nations)

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